SAŽETAK
Plućne bolesti su među najčešćim bolestima u djetinjstvu. Nedavno je zabilježen neverovatan porast alergijskih reakcija kod djece i postoji posebna briga svu djecu – pacijenti da budu tretirani i da pruži odgovarajuću dijagnozu, liječenje i praćenje stanja u cilju poboljšanja kvaliteta života.
Poremećaj funkcije respiratornog sistema, povezan je sa patološkim promjenama u mehaniku disanja (poremećaj u pravilnom kombinacijom faza udisaja i izdisaja, površno, frekventno, neefikasno disanje i poremećaj koordinacije respiratornih pokreta). To dovodi do poremećaja plućne ventilacije i razmjenu gasova, kao i pojavljivanje manjka kisika u disanje.
Ovi poremećaji su uzrokovane smanjenjem respiratorne površine, pogoršanjem bronhijalne prohodnosti ili usporenosti u mali krug cirkulacije kao posljedica patoloških procesa različitih profila. Paralelno sa smanjene pokretljivosti dijafragme i grudi i smanjenje kontraktilne sposobnosti mišića da dišu i pokretačka aktivnost pacijenata.
Najčešće respiratorne bolesti kod djece su, hronične opstruktivne bolesti pluća (COPD), bronhitis, bronhijalna astma, upala pluća, plućni apsces, emfizema pluća, restriktivne bolesti pluća.Tokom rehabilitacije i liječenje respiratornih bolesti stavlja poseban akcenat na ulogu kineziterapiju.
KLJUČNE RIJUEČI: respiratorni sistem, plućna ventilacija, bronhitis, bronhijalna astma, pneumonia, kineziterapija
SUMMARY
The pulmonary diseases are among the most common diseases in childhood. Recently was recorded an incredible increase in allergic reactions in pediatric patients and there is special concern all children – patients to be treated and to provide appropriate diagnosis, treatment and monitor the situation in order to improve their quality of life.
The disorder of the function of the respiratory system, is associated with pathological changes in the mechanics of respiration (disruption in proper combination of the phases of inhaling and exhaling, the appearance of the surface, and frequently inefficient breathing, impaired coordination of respiratory movements). This leads to disruption of pulmonary ventilation and gas exchange, as well as the emergence of an oxygen shortage in breathing.
These disorders are caused by the reduction of respiratory area, worsening of bronchial patency or slowdown in the small circle of circulation as a consequence of pathological processes from different backgrounds. Parallel with the reduced mobility of the diaphragm and chest and decrease the contractile ability of muscles to breathe and the driving activity of patients.
The most common respiratory disorders among children are, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchitis, bronchial asthma, pneumonia, pulmonary abscess, pulmonary emphysema, restrictive lung disease.
During the rehabilitation and treatment of respiratory diseases puts special emphasis on the role of kinesitherapy.
KEY WORDS: respiratory system, pulmonary ventilation, bronchitis, bronchial asthma, pneumonia, Kynesitherapy
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