pneumonia – Rauché

SAŽETAK

Plućne bolesti su među najčešćim bolestima u djetinjstvu. Nedavno je zabilježen neverovatan porast alergijskih reakcija kod djece i postoji posebna briga svu djecu – pacijenti da budu tretirani i da pruži odgovarajuću dijagnozu, liječenje i praćenje stanja u cilju poboljšanja kvaliteta života.

Poremećaj funkcije respiratornog sistema, povezan je sa patološkim promjenama u mehaniku disanja (poremećaj u pravilnom kombinacijom faza udisaja i izdisaja, površno, frekventno, neefikasno disanje i poremećaj koordinacije respiratornih pokreta). To dovodi do poremećaja plućne ventilacije i razmjenu gasova, kao i pojavljivanje manjka kisika u disanje.

Ovi poremećaji su uzrokovane smanjenjem respiratorne površine, pogoršanjem bronhijalne prohodnosti ili usporenosti u mali krug cirkulacije kao posljedica patoloških procesa različitih profila. Paralelno sa smanjene pokretljivosti dijafragme i grudi i smanjenje kontraktilne sposobnosti mišića da dišu i pokretačka aktivnost pacijenata.

Najčešće respiratorne bolesti kod djece su, hronične opstruktivne bolesti pluća (COPD), bronhitis, bronhijalna astma, upala pluća, plućni apsces, emfizema pluća, restriktivne bolesti pluća.Tokom rehabilitacije i liječenje respiratornih bolesti stavlja poseban akcenat na ulogu kineziterapiju.

KLJUČNE RIJUEČI: respiratorni sistem, plućna ventilacija, bronhitis, bronhijalna astma, pneumonia, kineziterapija

SUMMARY

The pulmonary diseases are among the most common diseases in childhood. Recently was recorded an incredible increase in allergic reactions in pediatric patients and there is special concern all children – patients to be treated and to provide appropriate diagnosis, treatment and monitor the situation in order to improve their quality of life.

The disorder of the function of the respiratory system, is associated with pathological changes in the mechanics of respiration (disruption in proper combination of the phases of inhaling and exhaling, the appearance of the surface, and frequently inefficient breathing, impaired coordination of respiratory movements). This leads to disruption of pulmonary ventilation and gas exchange, as well as the emergence of an oxygen shortage in breathing.

These disorders are caused by the reduction of respiratory area, worsening of bronchial patency or slowdown in the small circle of circulation as a consequence of pathological processes from different backgrounds. Parallel with the reduced mobility of the diaphragm and chest and decrease the contractile ability of muscles to breathe and the driving activity of patients.

The most common respiratory disorders among children are, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchitis, bronchial asthma, pneumonia, pulmonary abscess, pulmonary emphysema, restrictive lung disease.

During the rehabilitation and treatment of respiratory diseases puts special emphasis on the role of kinesitherapy.

KEY WORDS: respiratory system, pulmonary ventilation, bronchitis, bronchial asthma, pneumonia, Kynesitherapy

Nastavi čitati Kinesitherapy in respiratory disorders in children

Conditional logistic regression was used to determine the association between the dose and type of inhaled corticosteroid and the risk of pneumonia or lower respiratory tract infection

SAŽETAK

UVOD: Smatra se da od astme boluje oko 100 miliona ljudi u svijetu dok je HOPB četvrti vodeći uzrok smrtnosti u svijetu.

MATERIJALI I METODE: Prospektivna opservaciona studija je sprovedena u Domu zdravlja Novi Travnik na odjelu porodična medicina. Istraživanjem su obuhvačeni pacijenti stariji od 18 godina koji su oboljeli od astme i HOPB na tretmanu inhalatornim kortikosteroidima, i u kontrolnoj grupi pacijenti oboljeli od astme I HOPB koji su lijećeni samo salbutamolom (ventolin).

REZULTATI: Postoji signifikantna razlika u učestalosti pneumonije kod pacijenata koji koriste inhalatorne kortikosteroide u odnosu na one koji koriste samo salbutamol (p = 0,01). Od pacijenata koji su koristili inhalatorne kortikosteroide 52 % je imalo pnemoniju ili infekciju gornjeg respiratornog trakta. Učestalost dnevnih simptoma (manje od 1 puta tijedno) i noćnih ( manje od 2 puta mjesečno ) pronađena je kod 47% pacijenata koji koriste inhalatorne kortikosteroide, do je taj broj kod pacijenata koji koriste samo salbutamol 25%. Broj pacijenata koji imaju ove simtome više od 1 puta tijedno, odnosno za noćne simtome više od 2 puta mjesečno jednak je u obje skupine i iznosi 30 % pacijenata svake pojedine skupine.

ZAKLJUČAK: Istraživanjem je utvrđeno da pacijenti sa astmom i HOPB koje koriste inhalatorne kortikosteroide imaju češće infekcije respiratornog trakta od pacijenata koji koriste samo salbutamol. Postoji statistički značajna signifikantna razlika među skupinama u odnosu na količinu simptoma, jer pacijenti koji koriste inhalatorne kortikosteroide imaju manje učestale simptome u odnosu na one koji koriste samo salbutamol.

KLJUČNE RIJEČI: astma, hronična opstruktivna bolest, inhalatorni kortikosteroidi, pneumonia

SUMMARY

INTRODUCTION: It considers that asthma affects 100 million people worldwide and HOPB is the fourth leading cause of death in the world.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective observational study was performed at the Health Center Novi Travnik in the department of family medicine. The study included patients 18 years over who were suffering from asthma and HOPB on the treatment of inhaled corticosteroids, and in the control group, patients who were suffering from asthma and HOPB who were treated only by salbutamol (Ventolin).

RESULTS: There is a significant difference between incidence rate of pneumonia for patients who used inhaled corticosteroids and incidence rate of pneumonia for patients who used only salbutamol (p = 0.01). 52% of the patients who used inhaled corticosteroids had pneumonia or upper respiratory tract infection. Daily symptoms frequency (less than once per week) and night symptoms frequency (less than twice per month) had value of 47% for patients who used inhaled corticosteroids and value of 25% for patients who used only salbutamol. Number of patients who have these symptoms more than once per week, or for night symptoms more than twice per month is equal for both groups and has value of 30% patients of each group.

CONCLUSION: In this study is shown that patients with asthma and HOPB who use the inhaled corticosteroids have more frequent respiratory tract infections than patients who use only salbutamol. There is statistically significant difference between the groups regarding the number of symptoms, because the patients who use inhaled corticosteroids have less frequent symptoms compared to those patients who use only salbutamol.

KLJUČNE RIJEČI: asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, inhaled corticosteroids, pneumonia

Nastavi čitati Rizik za nastanak pneumonije u pacijenata sa astmom i hroničnim opstruktivnim bronhitisom (copd) na tretmanu inhalatornim kortikosteroidima